Vitamin D

Vitamin D is a micronutrient primarily known for its essential role in maintaining bone health by regulating the absorption of calcium and phosphorus into the body. It is produced in the skin through a metabolic pathway triggered by UV exposure, though it can also be found in foods such as fatty fish and fish oils.  Vitamin D deficiencies can not only lead to osteoporosis (a bone loss disorder) but also autoimmune disease and cardiovascular problems [1].  More importantly, however, emerging research has demonstrated the possible role of Vitamin D in the treatment of cancer. Studies indicate that Vitamin D can modulate cell growth, immune function, and inflammation, which may be advantageous in inhibiting tumor progression and bolstering cancer therapy response. Furthermore, recent data has shown that the incidence of certain cancers increases with declining Vitamin D status [2].

Breast Cancer: Research indicates that Vitamin D can inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell differentiation in breast cancer cells. [8]

Prostate Cancer: Studies have highlighted the ability of Vitamin D to induce differentiation and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. [9]

Colorectal Cancer: Several studies have concluded that increased levels of Vitamin D lower the incidence of colorectal cancer [10].

Skin Cancer: Studies have demonstrated Vitamin D’s protective effect against skin cancer, although the specific mechanism by which it does this is not fully understood. [11]

• Increased Sensitivity to Chemotherapy: Studies suggest that Vitamin D may sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy, potentially enhancing treatment efficacy [7].
• Effect on Tumor Microenvironment: Vitamin D's anti-inflammatory influence on the tumor microenvironment may enhance the effectiveness of targeted therapies.